When people hear the words “Russian propaganda”, they imagine statements like “Putin rules! Russia is a paradise! I ♥♥♥ Putin!” Since nobody they know ever said anything like this, they sincerely announce, “I don’t spread Russian propaganda! And neither do my favorite news sources or the politicians I support!”
Problem is, that’s not what Russian propaganda is like. These are not the ideas that propagandists have been trying to implant into our brains.
A great example of propaganda is this: Russians were willing to improve relations with the US throughout the 1990s and early 2000s but the US betrayed and antagonized them by expanding the NATO. This is propaganda but not in the sense that Russia loves the NATO and welcomes its expansion. Of course, not. It’s propaganda because this line of thinking suggests that had the NATO not expanded, the Russia-US relations would be great. In other words, there is a recipe, a way of action you need to follow to have a good relationship with Russia.
And that’s simply not true. You can buy into this idea and give Russians the NATO. In five minutes they will want something else. And then some more. And so on. They need the US like every superhero needs a villain. You can’t quit your part of being a villain by making concessions. You’ll just position yourself as a dumb victim that can be tricked into anything.
Another example. Tillerson was saying at the hearing this morning: “Russia wants respect on the international arena.” This sounds innocuous enough to those who haven’t heard this phrase repeated verbatim by Putin and his friends too many times to count. The question to ask here is why does Russia believe it isn’t respected? The answer Putin gives is that Russia has been disrespected by the US, and specifically Hillary Clinton, by organizing a neo-Nazi coup in Ukraine and imposing sanctions on Russia when all Russia did is help the Crimea escape from the Nazis.
Smart propaganda is pleasing and easy to believe. It’s tempting to give oneself over to it and explain complex political reality with a superficial “Russia wants respect.” But the moment you let yourself get baited, you have become easy to reel in with the line of thinking attached to this simple statement.