Here is a comment Dr. Ella left:
About European PhDs: they apply for funding with their dissertation proposal, or tag along with an existing funded research program. Teaching responsibilities are often very limited, if there are any at all. In contrast, many US PhD programs require up to 2.5 years of coursework, comprehensive exams that take a semester or a year to prepare, and only then you can start on your actual dissertation research.
For those who are not very familiar with the US system of higher ed, here is why a PhD includes at least 2 years of coursework*: almost nobody does an MA before coming to a PhD program. BAs are very watered down precisely because, as I keep saying, so much remedial learning needs to take place. There were people in my grad program at Yale who’d come to the PhD after taking 5-7 courses in our discipline. Everything else they took was part of the General Education requirement, a second Major or 1-2 Minors, electives, etc. In contrast, after a Canadian BA and MA, I had 36 courses in our discipline (plus a dissertation) under my belt.
I an profoundly convinced that nobody can or should approach doctoral research after 5, 7, or even 10 courses in one’s discipline. Such a person will have such enormous lacunae in his or her knowledge that there is practically zero possibility he or she will manage to become a research scholar. Yes, they can manage to squeeze out a dissertation in their extremely narrow specialization but they end up having a very limited understanding of the field as a whole.
This is why my proposal for the reform of American higher education is: there should be no acceptance into a PhD program without an MA. The practice of admitting people into doctoral programs fresh from their undergrad studies is a profoundly pernicious one. Master’s degrees would also allow people to reconsider whether they need or want a PhD at all.
What do you think about this idea?
* I’m only familiar with how things work in the Humanities. Maybe this differs in STEM, I just don’t know.